Adequate sleep is crucial for mood regulation and injury prevention, especially among high school female athletes, who often experience insufficient sleep. This study investigates the feasibility of a multicomponent AI-supported mobile health (mHealth) intervention that provides personalized sleep feedback based on wearable device data.
Study Overview
Conducted as a pilot randomized controlled trial, the research involved 25 high school female soccer players from a single team. Participants were randomly assigned to either an intervention group, which received AI-generated personalized sleep feedback, or a control group, which received nonpersonalized sleep information. The trial aimed to assess the technical and operational feasibility of the intervention, alongside its preliminary efficacy in improving sleep efficiency.
Methods
The study began with a baseline period of four weeks, followed by random allocation into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received personalized feedback via the LINE messaging app based on data from Fitbit devices, while the control group received general sleep information. Key metrics evaluated included sleep efficiency, total sleep time (TST), wake after sleep onset (WASO), subjective sleep quality, and exploratory outcomes related to mood and sports injury severity.
Results
All participants completed the trial, demonstrating a 100% success rate in message delivery and questionnaire completion. The intervention group had a median of 26 valid Fitbit wear nights compared to 22 in the control group. The primary outcome, sleep efficiency, showed a favorable change in the intervention group, with a Hodges-Lehmann between-group difference of 2% (95% CI 0.50%-4%; P=.046; r=0.35). Additionally, nominal improvements were noted in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-J) scores and sleep difficulty ratings.
What this study does not show
While the study indicates feasibility and preliminary efficacy, it does not establish long-term effects or health outcomes resulting from the intervention.
Evidence scorecard
- Analytic validity: Established
- Clinical validity: Established
- Clinical utility: Partial
This evidence is based on a human randomized controlled trial.